{"id":13577,"date":"2021-10-03T15:11:11","date_gmt":"2021-10-03T12:11:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/akyildizbilisim.com\/akasya\/?page_id=13577"},"modified":"2021-10-24T20:17:11","modified_gmt":"2021-10-24T17:17:11","slug":"endoskopik-ultrason-nedir","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.endoskopikultrasonografi.com\/?page_id=13577","title":{"rendered":"Endoskopik Ultrason Nedir?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:17px\">Konvansiyonel endoskopi gastrointestinal mukozay\u0131 m\u00fckemmel olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleyebilse de intramural veya kom\u015fu&nbsp; &nbsp;organlara ait lezyonlarla ilgili olarak \u00e7ok az bilgi verebilmektedir. Derin intraabdominal yap\u0131lar ses dalgalar\u0131 uzakla\u015ft\u0131k\u00e7a zay\u0131flad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan konvansiyonel ultrason ile yeterince g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclenememektedir. Konvansiyonel ultrasonun bu dezavantajlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcstesinden gelmek i\u00e7in 1980\u2019lerin ba\u015f\u0131nda ekoendoskoplar geli\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Ekoendoskoplar, fleksibl gastrointestinal endoskoplar\u0131n u\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131na ultrason probunun monte edilmi\u015f halidir (Resim 1). B\u00f6ylece gastrointestinal duvar yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ve kom\u015fu dokular\u0131n m\u00fckemmel bir \u015fekilde g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmu\u015ftur. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-1 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"257\" src=\"https:\/\/akyildizbilisim.com\/akasya\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/1.fw_-1.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"13631\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/akyildizbilisim.com\/akasya\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/1.fw_-1.png\" data-link=\"https:\/\/akyildizbilisim.com\/akasya\/?attachment_id=13631\" class=\"wp-image-13631\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.endoskopikultrasonografi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/1.fw_-1.png 800w, https:\/\/www.endoskopikultrasonografi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/1.fw_-1-300x96.png 300w, https:\/\/www.endoskopikultrasonografi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/1.fw_-1-768x247.png 768w, https:\/\/www.endoskopikultrasonografi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/1.fw_-1-600x193.png 600w, https:\/\/www.endoskopikultrasonografi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/1.fw_-1-580x186.png 580w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-caption\">Resim 1<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:17px\">Bu konuda ilk \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 Eugene Magno ve arkada\u015flar\u0131 (1) yapm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Daha sonra Strohm ve arkada\u015flar\u0131 (2) bu konudaki kendi deneylerini ultrasonografik tomografi ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda yay\u0131nlam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Yakla\u015f\u0131k 25 y\u0131ld\u0131r ekoendoskop- lar\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 ile gastrointestinal hastal\u0131klar\u0131n tan\u0131 ve tedavisinde bir yeni bir \u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131r a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu derlemede, endoskopik ultrasonun gastrointestinal hastal\u0131klar\u0131n tan\u0131 ve tedavisindeki g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki kullan\u0131m alanlar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, gelecekte kullan\u0131labilme ihtimali olan baz\u0131 uygulamalar\u0131na da de\u011finilecektir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ekoendoskoplar\u0131n Mekanik ve Optik &nbsp;\u00d6zellikleri<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:17px\">Ekoendoskoplar radyal ve lineer tarama yapan cihazlar olarak iki \u015fekilde bulunmaktad\u0131r. Radyal tarama yapan cihazlar endoskobun uzun aks\u0131na dik olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc kesitleri alan cihazlard\u0131r. Bu cihazlar rotasyon hareketleri yapan \u2018mekanik\u2019 ya da rotasyon yapmayan \u2018elektronik\u2019 ultrason transduseri bulundururlar. 270\u00ba ya da 360\u00ba g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc al\u0131rlar. Lineer ekoendoskoplar elektronik ultrason transduseri ile uzun aksa paralel g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler al\u0131rlar. Bu ekoendoskoplar ile ince i\u011fne aspirasyon biyopsileri al\u0131nabilir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc i\u015flem esnas\u0131nda i\u011fne ucunu ger\u00e7ek zamanl\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerler. Ekoendoskop a\u011f\u0131zdan ve an\u00fcsten rutin endoskopik incelemelerde oldu\u011fu gibi uygulan\u0131r. Bu cihazlar\u0131n endoskopik g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri genelde oblik oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, kolon incelemelerinde proksimal kolona ula\u015f\u0131lamayabilinir. Bu ama\u00e7la \u00f6nden g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fl\u00fc ekoendoskoplar geli\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Bu cihazlara ek olarak standart endoskoplarin kanal\u0131ndan ge\u00e7ebilen ultrason &nbsp;miniproblar\u0131 mevcuttur (Resim 2)<strong>. <\/strong>Bunlar\u0131n baz\u0131 tipleri rehber tel \u00fczerinden ge\u00e7irilerek ampulla vateri, koledok ve pankreas kanal\u0131 incelenebilir (3).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"380\" height=\"257\" src=\"https:\/\/akyildizbilisim.com\/akasya\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-13632\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.endoskopikultrasonografi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/2.png 380w, https:\/\/www.endoskopikultrasonografi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/2-300x203.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 380px) 100vw, 380px\" \/><figcaption>Resim 2<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Ultrasound Fizi\u011fi: <\/strong>Gastrointestinal sistem duvar \u00f6zellikleri gri skala kullan\u0131larak, ultrason dalgalar\u0131n\u0131n doku yo\u011funlu\u011funa g\u00f6re penetrasyon ve geriye yans\u0131ma \u00f6zellikleri sayesinde, katmanlar halinde g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclenebilir. Transduser frekans\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirerek g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclenecek doku derinli\u011fi ayarlanabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:17px\">Y\u00fcksek frekansl\u0131 problar\u0131n (12-30 MHz) d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck frekansl\u0131 problara g\u00f6re (7, 5-12 MHz ) \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckleri \u00e7ok iyidir fakat penetrasyonlar\u0131 yetersizdir. Lineer ekoendoskoplar\u0131n ince i\u011fne aspirasyon biyopsileri (\u0130\u0130AB) esnas\u0131nda ger\u00e7ek zamanl\u0131 olarak biopsi i\u011fnelerini g\u00f6sterme avantajlar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Ek olarak renkli doppler \u00f6zelliklerinin olmas\u0131 vask\u00fcler yap\u0131lar\u0131n belirlenerek biyopsi g\u00fcvenli\u011finin artt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar (4). <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><tbody><tr><td>1- Superfisiyal mukoza (Hiperekoik), <br>2- Derin mukoza (Hipoekoik), <br>3- Submukoza ( Hiperekoik), <br>4- Muskularis Propria (Hipoekoik), <br>5- Seroza (Hiperekoik). <br>Bu be\u015f &nbsp;tabaka genel olarak t\u00fcm gastrointestinal sistem boyunca g\u00f6zlenir. &nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Endoskopik Ultrasonografi Anatomisi: <\/strong>Standart ekoendoskoplar GIS duvarlar\u0131n\u0131 be\u015f tabaka halinde g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler. Bu hiperekoik ve hipoekoik tabakalar a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki anatomik duvar katmanlar\u0131na uygunluk g\u00f6sterir (Resim 3).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"340\" height=\"330\" src=\"https:\/\/akyildizbilisim.com\/akasya\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/3.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-13633\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.endoskopikultrasonografi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/3.png 340w, https:\/\/www.endoskopikultrasonografi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/3-300x291.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 340px) 100vw, 340px\" \/><figcaption>Resim 3<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:17px\">Y\u00fcksek frekansl\u0131 miniprob ultrasonlar 12 ve 30 mHz aras\u0131nda frekansa sahiptirler. Y\u00fcksek rezolusyon daha iyi g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc sa\u011flar ve GIS dokuz tabakaya kadar g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclenebilir (5). Resim 4\u2019de radyal endoskoptan Resim 5\u2019de ise bulbustan al\u0131nan g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"340\" height=\"265\" src=\"https:\/\/akyildizbilisim.com\/akasya\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/4.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-13634\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.endoskopikultrasonografi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/4.png 340w, https:\/\/www.endoskopikultrasonografi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/4-300x234.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 340px) 100vw, 340px\" \/><figcaption>Resim 4<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"340\" height=\"265\" src=\"https:\/\/akyildizbilisim.com\/akasya\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/5.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-13635\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.endoskopikultrasonografi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/5.png 340w, https:\/\/www.endoskopikultrasonografi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/5-300x234.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 340px) 100vw, 340px\" \/><figcaption>Resim 5<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Konvansiyonel endoskopi gastrointestinal mukozay\u0131 m\u00fckemmel olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleyebilse de intramural veya kom\u015fu&nbsp; &nbsp;organlara ait lezyonlarla ilgili olarak \u00e7ok az bilgi verebilmektedir. Derin intraabdominal yap\u0131lar ses dalgalar\u0131 uzakla\u015ft\u0131k\u00e7a zay\u0131flad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan konvansiyonel ultrason ile yeterince g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclenememektedir. Konvansiyonel ultrasonun bu dezavantajlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcstesinden gelmek i\u00e7in 1980\u2019lerin ba\u015f\u0131nda ekoendoskoplar geli\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Ekoendoskoplar, fleksibl gastrointestinal endoskoplar\u0131n u\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131na ultrason probunun monte edilmi\u015f halidir (Resim&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-13577","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v17.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Endoskopik Ultrason Nedir? - Endoskopik Ultrasonografi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Konvansiyonel endoskopi gastrointestinal mukozay\u0131 m\u00fckemmel olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleyebilse de intramural veya kom\u015fu organlara ait lezyonlarla ilgili olarak \u00e7ok az bilgi verebilmektedir.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.endoskopikultrasonografi.com\/?page_id=13577\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Endoskopik Ultrason Nedir? 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